组织差序氛围是中国本土文化背景下组织内部人际关系特征的产物,其本质是组织资源分配者以己为中心依据关系亲疏远近对组织成员加以区别对待。组织差序氛围所凸显的圈层文化、权力尊卑、差别对待、偏私的资源分配、互惠的社会交换和关系的动态性等特征是对中国社会人际关系的具体概括,是值得学术界重视和研究的“本土化”命题。当前,国内学者对组织差序氛围进行了本土化的初步探索,理论研究多围绕“差序格局”、“组织圈子”、“圈层现象”、“关系”等概念展开,探讨了差序氛围的传统文化根基,解释了差序氛围在“关系本位”思想主导的人情社会中的作用机制,但对差序氛围内涵缺乏系统化界定;组织差序氛围的测量多采用刘贞妤的“差序气氛”量表,该量表仅局限于个体维度,而组织差序氛围除了强调亲疏有别的个体人际关系,还强调基于组织层面区别对待的组织氛围,因而差序氛围的测量体系仍待进一步完善;差序氛围相关的实证研究多将差序氛围作为前因变量或调节变量,探讨差序氛围对组织及个体的影响,而对差序氛围的影响因素研究较为缺乏。此外,现有研究多将领导成员交换关系作为研究的理论支撑,但组织差序氛围作为本土化构念是中国工作场域中的特有现象,因而在研究中应将这一概念与领导成员交换关系加以区分。本文从组织差序氛围的概念、测量方法、影响因素、影响效应及其作用机制等方面对现有研究进行了梳理,并且分析讨论了现有研究的不足,展望了未来可能的研究方向,以期为未来相关研究提供有价值的参考。
组织差序氛围:概念、测量及作用机制
摘要
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引用本文
陈志霞, 典亚娇. 组织差序氛围:概念、测量及作用机制[J]. 外国经济与管理, 2018, 40(6): 86-98.
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