创业决策研究进展探析与未来研究展望
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288
外国经济与管理 2014 年 第 36 卷第 01 期, 页码：2 - 11
摘要
参考文献
摘要
1980年代以来,行为视角下的创业研究发展迅猛,并获得了显著进展,尤其在归纳过程规律与行为特征方面取得了丰硕的成果。有效的理论不仅要说明做什么,而且更应该说明怎么做。在行为视角下的研究不断发展的前提下,创业行为背后的决策机制和创业决策研究就显得迫在眉睫。本文在梳理已有相关研究的基础上,提出了创业决策研究的框架和关键问题,并归纳了创业决策研究的演进逻辑和未来发展方向,进而总结了对我国学者开展创业研究的启示。
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[21]Haynie J M and Shepherd D A.A measure of cognitive adaptability for entrepreneurship research[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2009,33(3):695-714.
[22]Haynie J M,et al.Cognitive adaptability:The theoretical origins of the entrepreneurial mindset[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2009,25(2):217-229.
[23]Haynie J M,et al.Cognitive adaptability and an entrepreneurial task:The role of metacognitive ability and feedback[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2012,36(2):237-265.
[24]Hayward M,et al.A hubris theory of entrepreneurship[J].Management Science,2006,52(2):160-172.
[25]Keh H T,et al.Opportunity evaluation under risky conditions:The cognitive processes of entrepreneurs[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2002,27(2):125-148.
[26]Minniti M and Bygrave W.A dynamic model of entrepreneurial learning[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2001,25(3):5-16.
[27]Mintzberg H.The nature of managerial work[M].New York:Harper and Row,1973.
[28]Mitchell R,et al.Cross-cultural decisions and the venture creation decision[J].Academy of Management Journal,2000,43(5):974-994.
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[30]Mitchell R K,et al.The distinctive and inclusive domain of entrepreneurial cognition research[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2004,28(6):505-518.
[31]Mitchell R K,et al.The central question in entrepreneurial cognition research 2007[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2007,31(1):1-27.
[32]Moroz P W and Hindle K.Entrepreneurship as a process:Toward harmonizing multiple perspective[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2012,36(4):781-818.
[33]Mueller S,et al.What do entrepreneurs actually do?An observational study of entrepreneurs’everyday behavior in the start-up and growth stages[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2012,26(5):995-1017.
[34]Palich L E and Bagby D R.Using cognitive theory to explain entrepreneurial risk-taking:Challenging conventional wisdom[J].Journal of Business Venturing,1995,10(6):425-438.
[35]Read S,et al.A meta-analytic review of effectuation and venture performance[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2009,24(6):573-587.
[36]Roznowski M,et al.Validity of measures of cognitive processes and general ability for learning and performance on highly complex computerized tutors:Is the Factor of intelligence even more general?[J].Journal of Applied Psychology,2000,85(6):940-955.
[37]Sarasvathy S D.Causation and effectuation:Toward a theoretical shift from economic inevitability to entrepreneurial contingency[J].Academy of Management Review,2001,26(2):243-263.
[38]Shane,S.Reflections on the 2010AMR decade award:Delivering on the promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research[J].Academy of Management Review,2012,37(1):10-20.
[39]Shepherd D,et al.Confirmatory search as a useful heuristic?Testing the veracity of entrepreneurial conjectures[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2012,27(6):637-651.
[40]Welter F.Contextualizing entrepreneurship:Conceptual challenges and ways forward[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2011,35(1):165-184.
[41]Wiltbank R,et al.Prediction and control under uncertainly:Outcomes in angel investing[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2009,24(2):116-133.
①创业过程中的决策,并不是仅针对是否创业的决策过程,它是对高度动态复杂条件下创业过程中基于动态行为和选择的决策过程,包括以价值创造为核心的战略性行动(资源获取、机会评价、风险投资选择等战略性行动),也涉及以商业计划准备等为核心的战术性行动等方面的决策过程。
②启发式决策的概念由Busenitz和Barney(1997)引入创业研究,用来比较管理者和创业者在决策方面的差异。从理论上看,它代表一种有偏决策,而不是全面细致的决策(comprehensive decision-making),决策者往往依靠大脑中存在的知觉或印象针对问题做出快速的反应性决策,其效果往往与创业者的先前经历和知识等因素高度相关。
[2]Baron R.Cognitive mechanisms in entrepreneurship:Why and when entrepreneurs think differently than other people[J].Journal of Business Venturing,1998,13(2):275-294.
[3]Baron R.Counterfactual thinking and venture formation:The potential effects of thinking about“What might have been”[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2000,15(1):79-92.
[4]Busenitz L and Barney J.Differences between entrepreneurs and managers in organizations:Biases and heuristics in strategic decision-making[J].Journal of Business Venturing,1997,12(1):9-30.
[5]Carland J,et al.“Who is an entrepreneur?”is a question worth asking[J].American Journal of Small Business,1988,12(4):33-39.
[6]Chandler G N,et al.Causation and effectuation processes:A validation study[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2011,26(3):375-390.
[7]Cope J.Toward a dynamic learning perspective of entrepreneurship[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2005,29(4):373-397.
[8]Cope J.Entrepreneurial learning from failure:An interpretative phenomenological analysis[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2011,26(6):604-623.
[9]Corbett A.Experiential learning within the process of opportunity identification and exploitation[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2005,29(4):474-491.
[10]Corbett A,et al.How corporate entrepreneurs learn from fledgling innovation initiatives:Cognition and the development of a termination script[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2007,31(11):829-852.
[11]Cyert R and March J.The behavioral theory of the firm[R].University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign’s Academy for Entrepreneurial Leadership Historical Research Reference in Entrepreneurship,1963,Champaign,IL.
[12]Ford K,et al.Relationships of goal orientation,meta-cognitive activity,and practice strategies with learning outcomes and transfer[J].Journal of Applied Psychology,1998,83(2):218-233.
[13]Gartner W B.A conceptual framework for describing the phenomenon of new venture creation[J].Academy of Management Review,1985,10(4):696-706.
[14]Gartner W B.“Who is an entrepreneur?”is the wrong question[J].American Journal of Small Business,1988,12(4):11-32.
[15]Gregoire D,et al.The cognitive perspective in entrepreneurship:An agenda for future research[J].Journal of Management Studies,2011,48(6):1443-1477.
[16]Gregoire D A,et al.Cognitive processes of opportunity recognition:The role of structural alignment[J].Organization Science,2010,21(2):413-431.
[17]Gregoire D A and Shepherd D A.Technology-market combinations and the identification of entrepreneurial opportunities:An investigation of the opportunity-individual nexus[J].Academy of Management Journal,2012,55(4):753-785.
[18]Hargadon A and Douglas Y.When innovators meet institutions:Edison and the design of the electric light[J].Administrative Science Quarterly,2001,46(1):476-501.
[19]Harrison R and Leitch C.Entrepreneurial learning:Researching the interface between learning and entrepreneurial context[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2005,29(4):351-371.
[20]Hatten T S.Small business:Entrepreneurship and beyond[M].Upper Saddle River,NJ:Prentice-Hall,1997.
[21]Haynie J M and Shepherd D A.A measure of cognitive adaptability for entrepreneurship research[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2009,33(3):695-714.
[22]Haynie J M,et al.Cognitive adaptability:The theoretical origins of the entrepreneurial mindset[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2009,25(2):217-229.
[23]Haynie J M,et al.Cognitive adaptability and an entrepreneurial task:The role of metacognitive ability and feedback[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2012,36(2):237-265.
[24]Hayward M,et al.A hubris theory of entrepreneurship[J].Management Science,2006,52(2):160-172.
[25]Keh H T,et al.Opportunity evaluation under risky conditions:The cognitive processes of entrepreneurs[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2002,27(2):125-148.
[26]Minniti M and Bygrave W.A dynamic model of entrepreneurial learning[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2001,25(3):5-16.
[27]Mintzberg H.The nature of managerial work[M].New York:Harper and Row,1973.
[28]Mitchell R,et al.Cross-cultural decisions and the venture creation decision[J].Academy of Management Journal,2000,43(5):974-994.
[29]Mitchell R K,et al.Entrepreneurial cognition theory:Rethinking the people side of entrepreneurship research[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2002,27(2):93-104.
[30]Mitchell R K,et al.The distinctive and inclusive domain of entrepreneurial cognition research[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2004,28(6):505-518.
[31]Mitchell R K,et al.The central question in entrepreneurial cognition research 2007[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2007,31(1):1-27.
[32]Moroz P W and Hindle K.Entrepreneurship as a process:Toward harmonizing multiple perspective[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2012,36(4):781-818.
[33]Mueller S,et al.What do entrepreneurs actually do?An observational study of entrepreneurs’everyday behavior in the start-up and growth stages[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2012,26(5):995-1017.
[34]Palich L E and Bagby D R.Using cognitive theory to explain entrepreneurial risk-taking:Challenging conventional wisdom[J].Journal of Business Venturing,1995,10(6):425-438.
[35]Read S,et al.A meta-analytic review of effectuation and venture performance[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2009,24(6):573-587.
[36]Roznowski M,et al.Validity of measures of cognitive processes and general ability for learning and performance on highly complex computerized tutors:Is the Factor of intelligence even more general?[J].Journal of Applied Psychology,2000,85(6):940-955.
[37]Sarasvathy S D.Causation and effectuation:Toward a theoretical shift from economic inevitability to entrepreneurial contingency[J].Academy of Management Review,2001,26(2):243-263.
[38]Shane,S.Reflections on the 2010AMR decade award:Delivering on the promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research[J].Academy of Management Review,2012,37(1):10-20.
[39]Shepherd D,et al.Confirmatory search as a useful heuristic?Testing the veracity of entrepreneurial conjectures[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2012,27(6):637-651.
[40]Welter F.Contextualizing entrepreneurship:Conceptual challenges and ways forward[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2011,35(1):165-184.
[41]Wiltbank R,et al.Prediction and control under uncertainly:Outcomes in angel investing[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2009,24(2):116-133.
①创业过程中的决策,并不是仅针对是否创业的决策过程,它是对高度动态复杂条件下创业过程中基于动态行为和选择的决策过程,包括以价值创造为核心的战略性行动(资源获取、机会评价、风险投资选择等战略性行动),也涉及以商业计划准备等为核心的战术性行动等方面的决策过程。
②启发式决策的概念由Busenitz和Barney(1997)引入创业研究,用来比较管理者和创业者在决策方面的差异。从理论上看,它代表一种有偏决策,而不是全面细致的决策(comprehensive decision-making),决策者往往依靠大脑中存在的知觉或印象针对问题做出快速的反应性决策,其效果往往与创业者的先前经历和知识等因素高度相关。
引用本文
杨俊. 创业决策研究进展探析与未来研究展望[J]. 外国经济与管理, 2014, 36(1): 2–11.
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