The current global diffusion of digital capital is intensifying, profoundly changing the basic pattern of traditional rights protection. The platform monopoly, technological dominance, and cross-border governance brought about by digital capital pose systematic challenges to rights protection, leading to weakened rights, imbalanced rights, and conflicts of rights, respectively. Correspondingly, the impact of digital capital on rights protection has specific mechanisms, including the promotion of platform monopoly formation by capital accumulation, the strengthening of technological dominance operation by digital hegemony, and the induction of cross-border conflicts by rule games. Among them, capital relies on technological support, technology exploits loopholes in rules, and rules are influenced by capital. These factors interweave and merge with each other, forming a mutually supportive triangular structure that leads to a holistic reduction of rights. In digital capital, digital capitalization and capital digitization go hand in hand. Among them, digital capitalization exacerbates labor exploitation, leading to a continuous expansion of the scope of rights loss, while capital digitization exacerbates the abuse of power, resulting in a more severe degree of rights infringement. Currently, capital cannot avoid the demand for rights, nor can it escape from the digital space, so facing the severe challenge of digital capital to rights protection is the trend. To address the challenges of digital capital in protecting rights, we can start with anti-monopoly reconstruction, technological democratization, and collaborative governance. We can use governance methods to tame the dominance of platform capital over labor, use social relationships to balance the suppression of digital power on rights, use contractual means to protect the rights and interests of sovereign states in data, and explore a multi-dimensional collaborative and participatory governance approach to effectively respond to the negative impact of digital capital on rights protection. Human beings cannot go back to the past against the trend of digital technology, especially the rights they enjoy and claim. Digital technology cannot dominate capital, nor can it be kidnapped by capital. The rapid expansion of digital capital worldwide is worthy of vigilance. As a responsible major country, China should help and guide developing countries to recognize its essence and harm, and promote iterative updates in rights protection through reflective criticism.