管理学自诞生以来在科学严谨性和实践相关性的“钟摆运动”中发展。面对如今引起学术界强烈关注的管理理论与实践之间的差距问题,本文结合“2023中国管理现代化研究会组织与战略管理专业委员会年会”的嘉宾演讲观点以及373份问卷调查结果,分析造成理论与实践差距的四种原因,即制度设计、知识性质、知识生产和知识转移,在此基础上针对问题提出、理论构建、研究设计和问题解决四个研究阶段提出缩小理论与实践差距的建议策略。同时,本文认为,为了维系管理学作为一门学科的科学性和客观性,管理理论和实践之间必然要保持一定的差距。辩证认识管理理论与实践的关系有助于站在理论与实践交叉的“十字路口”上的管理学者们做出正确的道路选择。
管理理论与实践的差距:基于历史启示和多维视角的平衡观点
摘要
参考文献
1 安德鲁·H.范德文著, 杨百寅译. 入世治学: 组织与社会研究范式与实操[M]. 北京: 北京大学出版社, 2023.
4 郭重庆. 中国管理学界的社会责任与历史使命[J]. 管理学报, 2008, 5(3): 320-322. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-884X.2008.03.002
5 韩巍. 论“实证研究神塔”的倒掉[J]. 管理学报, 2011, 8(7): 980-989. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-884X.2011.07.006
6 赫伯特·A.西蒙著, 詹正茂译. 管理行为[M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2013.
8 井润田, 罗媛. 跨学科教育改革模式及其制度整合机制[J]. 新文科教育研究, 2023, (4): 88-100.
9 李平, 杨政银, 陈春花. 管理学术研究的“知行合一”之道: 融合德鲁克与马奇的独特之路[J]. 外国经济与管理, 2018, 40(12): 28-45.
10 李兴旺, 张敬伟, 李志刚, 等. 行动研究: 我国管理学理论研究面向实践转型的可选路径[J]. 南开管理评论, 2021, 24(1): 181-191,201. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-3448.2021.01.018
11 迈克尔·D.史密斯, 拉胡尔·特朗著, 鲁冬旭译. 流媒体时代: 新媒体与娱乐行业的未来[M]. 北京: 中信出版集团, 2019.
12 彭贺. 管理研究与实践脱节的原因以及应对策略[J]. 管理评论, 2011, 23(2): 122-128.
13 彭贺. 作为研究者的管理者: 链接理论与实践的重要桥梁[J]. 管理学报, 2012, 9(5): 637-641. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-884X.2012.05.002
14 戚安邦, 高跃. 管理实际问题与理论研究脱节及滞后模型研究[J]. 科学学与科学技术管理, 2014, 35(8): 11-17.
15 齐善鸿. 面向实践的管理核心命题的重新思考[J]. 管理学报, 2012, 9(1): 32-37. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-884X.2012.01.007
16 Sandberg J, Tsoukas H著, 张书军译. 抓住实践逻辑: 借助实践理性构建理论[A]. 徐淑英, 任兵, 吕力. 管理理论构建论文集[C]. 北京: 北京大学出版社, 2016.
17 宋志润. 词汇系统、可变范畴与世界——论库恩的康德主义[J]. 科学技术哲学研究, 2023, 40(5): 76-81.
18 托马斯·库恩著, 金吾伦, 胡新和译. 科学革命的结构[M]. 北京: 北京大学出版社, 2012.
19 武亚军. 基于理论发展的管理研究范式选择与中国管理学者定位[J]. 管理学报, 2015, 12(5): 625-637. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-884x.2015.05.001
20 席酉民, 肖宏文, 郎淳刚. 管理学术与实践隔阂: 和谐管理的桥梁作用[J]. 管理科学学报, 2008, 11(2): 1-11. DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1007-9807.2008.02.001
21 章凯, 张娇娇, 罗文豪. 管理学实证研究的严谨性: 概念化与标准体系研究[J/OL]. 南开管理评论, 2023: 1-16. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/12.1288.f.20230921.1831.002.html, 2023-09-22.
22 Aram J D, Salipante Jr P F. Bridging scholarship in management: Epistemological reflections[J]. British Journal of Management, 2003, 14(3): 189-205. DOI:10.1111/1467-8551.00374
23 Bartunek J M, Rynes S L. Academics and practitioners are alike and unlike: The paradoxes of academic–practitioner relationships[J]. Journal of Management, 2014, 40(5): 1181-1201. DOI:10.1177/0149206314529160
24 Bennis W G, O'Toole J. How business schools lost their way[J]. Harvard Business Review, 2005, 83(9): 96-104,154.
25 Bock K E, Merton R K. Social theory and social structure[J]. American Sociological Review, 1969, 34(4): 560. DOI:10.2307/2091967
26 Brief A P. Still servants of power[J]. Journal of Management Inquiry, 2000, 9(4): 342-351. DOI:10.1177/105649260000900403
27 Buckley M R, Ferris G R, Bernardin H J, et al. The disconnect between the science and practice of management[J]. Business Horizons, 1998, 41(2): 31-38. DOI:10.1016/S0007-6813(98)90032-5
28 Carlile P R. Transferring, translating, and transforming: An integrative framework for managing knowledge across boundaries[J]. Organization Science, 2004, 15(5): 555-568. DOI:10.1287/orsc.1040.0094
29 Colquitt J A, Zapata-Phelan C P. Trends in theory building and theory testing: A five-decade study of the Academy of Management Journal[J]. Academy of Management Journal, 2007, 50(6): 1281-1303. DOI:10.5465/amj.2007.28165855
30 Creed A, Zutshi A. A quandary in management practice: Academic research or consulting?[J]. International Journal of Management Practice, 2014, 7(1): 39-54. DOI:10.1504/IJMP.2014.060542
31 DiMaggio P J. Comments on “what theory is not”[J]. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1995, 40(3): 391-397. DOI:10.2307/2393790
32 Eisenhardt K M. Building theories from case study research[J]. The Academy of Management Review, 1989, 14(4): 532-550. DOI:10.2307/258557
33 Ghoshal S. Bad management theories are destroying good management practices[J]. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 2005, 4(1): 75-91.
34 Gibbons M, Limoges C, Nowotny H, et al. The new production of knowledge: The dynamics of science and research in contemporary societies[M]. London: SAGE, 1994.
35 Gordon R A, Howell J E. Higher education for business[J]. The Journal of Business Education, 1959, 35(3): 115-117. DOI:10.1080/08832323.1959.10116245
36 Guerci M, Radaelli G, Shani A B. Conducting mode 2 research in HRM: A phase-based framework[J]. Human Resource Management, 2019, 58(1): 5-20. DOI:10.1002/hrm.21919
37 Hodgkinson G P. Facing the future: The nature and purpose of management research re-assessed[J]. British Journal of Management, 2001, 12(1): S1-S2. DOI:10.1111/1467-8551.00181
38 Huang J, Martin-Taylor M. Turnaround user acceptance in the context of HR self-service technology adoption: An action research approach[J]. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 2013, 24(3): 621-642. DOI:10.1080/09585192.2012.677460
39 Huff A S. 1999 presidential address: Changes in organizational knowledge production[J]. The Academy of Management Review, 2000, 25(2): 288-293. DOI:10.2307/259014
40 Kieser A, Nicolai A T, Seidl D. The practical relevance of management research: Turning the debate on relevance into a rigorous scientific research program[J]. Academy of Management Annals, 2015, 9(1): 143-233. DOI:10.5465/19416520.2015.1011853
41 Molina-Azorin J F. Mixed methods research in strategic management: Impact and applications[J]. Organizational Research Methods, 2012, 15(1): 33-56. DOI:10.1177/1094428110393023
42 Morrow G R, Joachim H H, Rees D A. Aristotle: The nicomachean ethics[J]. The Philosophical Review, 1953, 62(1): 129-133. DOI:10.2307/2182729
43 Pfeffer J, Fong C T. The end of business schools? Less success than meets the eye[J]. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 2002, 1(1): 78-95.
44 Rynes S L, Bartunek J M, Daft R L. Across the great divide: Knowledge creation and transfer between practitioners and academics[J]. Academy of Management Journal, 2001, 44(2): 340-355. DOI:10.2307/3069460
45 Shani A B, Coghlan D. Action research in business and management: A reflective review[J]. Action Research, 2021, 19(3): 518-541. DOI:10.1177/1476750319852147
46 Sharma G, Bansal P. Cocreating rigorous and relevant knowledge[J]. Academy of Management Journal, 2020, 63(2): 386-410. DOI:10.5465/amj.2016.0487
47 Susman G I, Evered R D. An assessment of the scientific merits of action research[J]. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1978, 23(4): 582-603. DOI:10.2307/2392581
48 Thompson J D. On building an administrative science[J]. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1956, 1(1): 102-111. DOI:10.2307/2390842
49 Van De Ven A H, Johnson P E. Knowledge for theory and practice[J]. Academy of Management Review, 2006, 31(4): 802-821. DOI:10.5465/amr.2006.22527385
50 Weick K E. Theory construction as disciplined reflexivity: Tradeoffs in the 90s[J]. Academy of Management Review, 1999, 24(4): 797-806.
51 Wellman N, Tröster C, Grimes M, et al. Publishing multimethod research in AMJ: A review and best-practice recommendations[J]. Academy of Management Journal, 2023, 66(4): 1007-1015. DOI:10.5465/amj.2023.4004
引用本文
井润田, 马珮. 管理理论与实践的差距:基于历史启示和多维视角的平衡观点[J]. 外国经济与管理, 2025, 47(8): 53-67.
导出参考文献,格式为:





1289
2385

