文章基于中国老年社会追踪调查数据以及手动收集的老年优待政策数据,采用交叠双重差分模型实证检验了老年优待政策对老年群体健康状况的影响和作用机制。结果表明,老年优待政策通过经济效应、服务效应、认同效应及社会互动效应等多维途径,对老年人的生理、心理以及社会适应健康产生了显著的促进作用。异质性分析发现,农村和教育程度较低的老年群体可获得更大程度的健康效益,表明老年优待政策具有促进健康均等化的潜力。在公共服务供给水平较高的城市,老年优待政策对老年人身心健康的积极影响更为突出,这进一步强调了充足的基础设施和资源条件对社会保障政策有效性和精准性的重要性。文章还分析了地方性老年优待政策的实施情况,发现部分地区仍存在户籍限制,但即使对外地户籍老人,老年优待政策也呈现出显著的身心健康改善效果,这可能与良好的本地社会氛围和丰富的社会互动机会有关。文章结论为决策层面完善现行老年优待政策提供了有力证据支持,从差异化服务供给、改善区域间公平性等方面提供了政策启示。
老年优待政策、公共服务可及性与老年人身心健康
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倪晨旭, 彭洋漾, 郭诗怡, 等. 老年优待政策、公共服务可及性与老年人身心健康[J]. 财经研究, 2024, 50(2): 93-107.
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