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7515钢铁行业产能过剩由来已久，梳理分析钢铁行业产能过剩的结构特征及其经济影响对于中国当前的供给侧改革具有重要的现实意义。文章利用1998–2007年中国工业企业数据，分析了我国钢铁企业产能利用率的变动趋势、企业性质及其与经营效益的关系。研究发现，产能利用状况一直以来都是影响我国钢铁企业经营效益的重要因素，这一现象在国有钢铁企业尤为突出。从变动趋势和结构差异来看，我国钢铁企业的产能利用率与利润率具有相近的变化趋势，且具有相似的企业性质差异，即国有企业的产能利用率和利润率明显低于非国有企业。实证结果表明，产能利用率是影响我国钢铁企业利润率的诸多因素中的主导因素，它的差异在很大程度上可以解释国有与非国有钢铁企业间的利润率差异。通过进一步区分企业的规模类型发现，我国钢铁企业产能利用率的企业性质差异主要表现在中小型企业，尤其是小型企业。因此治理我国钢铁企业产能过剩问题除了考虑企业的所有制形式外，还要区分企业的规模类型，同时坚持企业所有制改革和大型化的发展路径。
产能利用率、企业性质与经营效益——基于钢铁企业的实证分析
摘要
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引用本文
马红旗. 产能利用率、企业性质与经营效益——基于钢铁企业的实证分析[J]. 上海财经大学学报, 2017, 19(6): 31–45.
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