出口、异质性与企业生产率——来自中国企业层面的证据
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财经研究 2011 年 第 37 卷第 06 期, 页码：37 - 47
摘要
参考文献
摘要
文章基于"自我选择"效应和"出口中学"效应假说,利用中国企业面板数据,从超越对数生产函数出发,纳入出口状态变量,分别采用固定效应估计、系统广义矩估计和Olley-Pakes半参数估计法克服潜在的同步性偏差和选择偏差问题,在从微观角度充分控制企业异质性的背景下,深入考察出口行为与我国企业生产率之间的作用机理。研究发现,出口企业的生产率相对非出口企业高出20%-30%左右,我国出口贸易存在显著的"出口中学"效应;而对"自我选择"效应的检验结果警示,本土企业以低劳动力成本而非高生产率作为出口竞争优势切入全球价值链低端,转变贸易增长方式是保证中国开放经济长期可持续增长的重要保障。
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[2]姚洋,章林峰.中国本土企业出口竞争优势和技术变迁分析[J].世界经济,2008,(3):3-11.
[3]张杰,李勇,刘志彪.出口与中国本土企业生产率:基于江苏制造业企业的实证分析[J].管理世界,2008,(11):50-64.
[4]朱希伟,金祥荣,罗德明.国内市场分割与中国的出口贸易扩张[J].经济研究,2005,(12):68-76.
[5]Aw B Y,Hwang A R.Productivity and the export market:Afirm-level analysis[J].Journal of Development Economics,1995,47:313-332.
[6]Baldwin J R,Gu W.Export-market participation and productivity performance in Cana-dian manufacturing[J].Canadian Journal of Economics,2003,36(3):634-657.
[7]Bernard A B,Wagner J.Export entry and exit by Germanfirms[J].Reviewof World E-conomics,2001,137(1):105-123.
[8]Biesebroeck V J.Exporting raises productivity in sub-Saharan African manufacturingfirms[J].Journal of International Economics,2005,67:373-391.
[9]Blalock G,Gertler P J.Learning fromexporting revisitedin a less developed setting[J].Journal of Development Economics,2004,75(2):397-416.
[10]Blundell R W,Bond S R.Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic paneldata models[J].Journal of Econometrics,1998,87:115-143.
[11]Clerrides S K,Lach S,Tybout J R.Is learning by exportingi mportantMicro-dynam-ic evidence from Colombia,Mexico,and Morocco[J].Quarterly Journal of Economics,1998,113(3):903-947.
[12]Delgado Miguel A,Farinas J C,Ruano S.Firmproductivity and export markets:Anon-parametric approach[J].Journal of International Economics,2002,57(2):397-422.
[13]Girma S,Greenaway D,Kneller R.Does exportingincrease productivityA micro-econ-ometric analysis of matched firms[J].Reviewof International Economics,2004,12:855-866.
[14]Loecker D.Do exports generate higher productivityEvidence from Slovenia[J].Jour-nal of International Economics,2007,73(1):69-79.
[15]Olley S G,Pakes A.The dynamics of productivityinthe telecommunications equipmentindustry[J].Econometrica,1996,64(6):1263-1297.
[16]Yeaple S R.A si mple model of firm heterogeneity international trade and wages[J].Journal of International Economics,2005,65(1):1-20.
引用本文
王华, 许和连, 杨晶晶. 出口、异质性与企业生产率——来自中国企业层面的证据[J]. 财经研究, 2011, 37(6): 37–47.
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