, 3
3469 
3447控制过高的不必要的医疗费用对减轻个人、医疗保险基金和公共财政的医疗支出负担具有重要意义。文章基于2014年和2016年中国劳动力动态调查数据，使用两部模型和反事实框架考察了饮用水污染对城乡居民医疗费用和医保基金支出负担的影响，结果发现：（1）饮用水污染提高了城乡居民使用门诊服务和住院服务的概率，并由此增加了门诊和住院费用支出，进而增加了社会医疗保险基金支出；（2）饮用水污染所导致的医疗费用，在门诊费用和住院费用中分别约占10%和7.5%；（3）社会经济地位较低的居民，因饮用水污染导致的医疗支出负担更重，城乡贫困居民因饮用水污染导致的人均门诊费用和住院费用分别相当于非贫困居民的1.46倍和1.34倍；（4）2016年全国城乡居民因饮用水污染所导致的总医疗费用合计约3 400亿元，约占当年全国卫生总费用的7.4%，社会医疗保险基金因为饮用水污染支出约1 500亿元，约占当年医保基金支出的12%。
环境污染的代价——饮用水污染对居民医疗费用和医保基金支出的影响
摘要
参考文献
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引用本文
方黎明, 郭静, 彭宅文. 环境污染的代价——饮用水污染对居民医疗费用和医保基金支出的影响[J]. 财经研究, 2019, 45(12): 46-58.
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