贸易开放、劳动力流动与城镇劳动者性别工资差距——来自1992-2009年中国省际面板数据的经验证据
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财经研究 2015 年 第 41 卷第 12 期, 页码：15 - 25
摘要
参考文献
摘要
贸易开放给劳动力市场带来的经济后果是非常复杂的,而收入不平等就是其中一个重要方面。现有关于贸易开放影响收入不平等的文献大多着眼于总体收入不平等程度或技能工资差距,而对性别工资差距的关注则不多。文章利用1992-2009年国家统计局的城镇住户调查数据,系统地考察了贸易开放对不同部门、不同技能水平的城镇劳动者性别工资差距的影响。研究发现:(1)贸易开放对制造业的性别工资差距具有显著的正向影响;(2)分技能水平的分析结果显示,贸易开放对制造业中高技能劳动者的性别工资差距无显著影响,主要是拉大了低技能劳动者的性别工资差距;(3)贸易开放是通过影响劳动力流动和就业结构来影响性别工资差距的。因此,从保护女性的角度来说,政府应该通过提高女性的技能水平等政策措施来促进两性平等。
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[2] 黄新飞,舒元. 中国省际贸易开放与经济增长的内生性研究 [J]. 管理世界,2010, (7): 56-65.
[3] 李磊,刘斌,胡博,等. 贸易开放对城镇居民收入及分配的影响 [J]. 经济学(季刊),2011,(1): 309-326.
[4] 林毅夫,李永军. 出口与中国的经济增长:需求导向的分析 [J]. 经济学(季刊),2003,(4): 779-794.
[5] 刘斌,李磊. 贸易开放与性别工资差距 [J]. 经济学(季刊),2012,(2): 429-460.
[6] Aguayo-Tellez E, Airola J, Juhn C. Did trade liberalization help women? The case of Mexico in the 1990s [A]. Polachek S W, Tatsiramos K. New analyses of worker well-being (Research in Labor Economics, Volume 38) [C]. Bingley:Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2014.
[7] Berik G, Rodgers Y M, Zveglich J E. International trade and gender wage discrimination: Evidence from East Asia [J]. Review of Development Economics, 2004, 8(2): 237-254.
[8] Black S, Brainerd E. Importing equality? The impact of globalization on gender discrimination [J]. Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 2004, 57(4): 540-559.
[9] Cai H, Chen Y, Zhou L. Income and consumption inequality in urban China: 1992-2003 [J]. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 2010, 58(3): 385-413.
[10] Chen Z, Ge Y, Lai H, et al. Globalization and gender wage inequality in China [J]. World Development, 2013, 44: 256-266.
[11] Dammert A C, Marchand B U, Wan C. Gender wage-productivity differentials and global integration in China[R].IZA Discussion Paper No. 7159, 2013.
[12] Galor O, Weil D N. The gender gap, fertility, and growth [J]. American Economic Review, 1996, 86(3): 374-387.
[13] Goldberg P K, Pavcnik N. Distributional effects of globalization in developing countries [J]. Journal of Economic Literature, 2007, 45(1): 39-82.
[14] Han J, Liu R, Zhang J. Globalization and wage inequality: Evidence from urban China [J].Journal of International Economics, 2012, 87(2): 288-297.
[15] Juhn C, Ujhelyi G, Villegas-Sanchez C. Men, women, and machines: How trade impacts gender inequality [J]. Journal of Development Economics, 2014, 106: 179-193.
[16] Li S, Song J, Liu X. Evolution of the gender wage gap among China's urban employees [J]. Social Sciences in China, 2011, 32(3): 161-180.
[17] Menon N, Van der Meulen Rodgers Y. International trade and the gender wage gap: New evidence from India's manufacturing sector [J]. World Development, 2009, 37(5): 965-981.
[18] Oostendorp R H. Globalization and the gender wage gap [J]. The World Bank Economic Review, 2009, 23(1): 141-161.
[19] Weinberg B A. Computer use and the demand for female workers [J]. Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 2000, 53(2): 290-308.
引用本文
卢晶亮, 冯帅章. 贸易开放、劳动力流动与城镇劳动者性别工资差距——来自1992-2009年中国省际面板数据的经验证据[J]. 财经研究, 2015, 41(12): 15–25.
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