出口目的地与出口企业生产率
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财经研究 2015 年 第 41 卷第 11 期, 页码：83 - 94
摘要
参考文献
摘要
出口目的地会影响企业生产率吗?何种类型的企业会在出口目的地的选择中受益?文章在新新贸易理论的基础上,试图进一步解释中国企业生产率持续增长的原因。文章采用中国工业企业数据和中国海关进出口数据的合并数据,运用倾向评分匹配和倍差法解决样本选择的内生性问题,系统考察了出口市场转变对企业生产率的影响。研究表明:(1)与只出口到发展中国家的企业相比,企业出口目的地由发展中国家转向发达国家后,生产率得到了更大幅度的提高,在运用两阶段最小二乘法控制计量模型的内生性问题后,检验结果依然稳健;(2)民营企业和多产品企业在出口目的地由发展中国家转向发达国家后,其生产率提升更为明显,而且出口阅历的积累更有利于企业出口学习效应的发挥和创新能力的提高。文章结论对中国企业的出口目的地选择以及不同类型企业生产率的提升具有重要的启示。
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[25] Levinsohn J, Petrin A. Estimating production functions using inputs to control for unobservables[J]. The Review of Economic Studies, 2003, 70(2): 317-341.
[26] Martins P S, Yang Y. The impact of exporting on firm productivity:A meta-analysis of the learning-by-exporting hypothesis[J]. Review of World Economics, 2009, 145(3): 431-445.
[27] Melitz M J. The impact of trade on intra-industry reallocations and aggregate industry productivity[J]. Econometrica, 2003, 71(6): 1695-1725.
[28] Shevtsova Y. International trade and productivity:Does destination matter?[R]. Discussion Papers in Economics, No.12/18, 2012.
[29] Van Biesebroeck J. Exporting raises productivity in sub-Saharan African manufacturing firms[J]. Journal of International Economics, 2005, 67(2): 373-391.
[30] Wagner J.The causal effect of exports on firm size and labor productivity:First evidence from a matching approach[J]. Economics Letters, 2002, 77(2):287-292.
[31] Wooldridge J M. Econometric analysis of cross section and panel data[M].MA:MIT press, 2002.
[32] Zheng J, Bigsten A, Hu A. Can China's growth be sustained? A productivity perspective[J]. World Development, 2009, 37(4): 874-888.
[2] 包群, 邵敏, 侯维忠. 出口改善了员工收入吗?[J]. 经济研究, 2011, (9): 41-54.
[3] 戴觅, 余淼杰, Maitra M. 中国出口企业生产率之谜: 加工贸易的作用[J]. 经济学 (季刊), 2014, (2):675-698.
[4] 戴觅, 余淼杰. 企业出口前研发投入、出口及生产率进步——来自中国制造业企业的证据[J].经济学 (季刊), 2011, (1): 211-230.
[5] 范剑勇, 冯猛.中国制造业出口企业生产率悖论之谜:基于出口密度差别上的检验[J].管理世界, 2013, (8):16-29.
[6] 李春顶, 赵美英.出口贸易是否提高了我国企业的生产率?——基于中国2007年制造业企业数据的检验[J].财经研究, 2010, (4):14-24.
[7] 毛其淋, 盛斌. 中国制造业企业的进入退出与生产率动态演化[J]. 经济研究, 2013, (4): 16-29.
[8] 毛其淋, 盛斌. 贸易自由化、企业异质性与出口动态——来自中国微观企业数据的证据[J]. 管理世界, 2013, (3):48-65.
[9] 邵敏, 包群. 政府补贴与企业生产率——基于我国工业企业的经验分析[J]. 中国工业经济, 2012, (7): 70-82.
[10] 孙灵燕, 李荣林. 融资约束限制中国企业出口参与吗?[J]. 经济学 (季刊), 2012, (1): 231-252.
[11] 田巍, 余淼杰. 企业出口强度与进口中间品贸易自由化: 来自中国企业的实证研究[J]. 管理世界, 2013, (1): 28-44.
[12] 张杰, 李勇, 刘志彪. 出口促进中国企业生产率提高吗?——来自中国本土制造业企业的经验证据: 1999~2003[J]. 管理世界, 2009, (12): 11-26.
[13] Amiti M, Konings J. Trade liberalization, intermediate inputs, and productivity: Evidence from Indonesia[J]. American Economic Review, 2007, 97(5): 1611-1638.
[14] Arnold J M, Hussinger K. Export behavior and firm productivity in German manufacturing:A firm-level analysis[J]. Review of World Economics, 2005, 141(2): 219-243.
[15] Aw B Y, Roberts M J, Winston T. Export market participation, investments in R&D and worker trai-ning, and the evolution of firm productivity[J]. The World Economy, 2007, 30(1): 83-104.
[16] Bernard A B, Wagner J. Exports and success in German manufacturing[J]. Review of World Economics, 1997, 133(1):134-157.
[17] Blalock G, Gertler P J. Learning from exporting revisited in a less developed setting[J]. Journal of Deve-lopment Economics, 2004, 75(2): 397-416.
[18] De Loecker J. Do exports generate higher productivity? Evidence from Slovenia[J]. Journal of international economics, 2007, 73(1): 69-98.
[19] Fryges H, Wagner J. Exports and productivity growth: First evidence from a continuous treatment approach[J]. Review of World Economics, 2008, 144(4): 695-722.
[20] Ge Ying, Lai H, Zhu S C. Intermediate imports and productivity gains from trade liberalization[R]. Working Paper, 2011.
[21] Görg H, Henry M, Strobl E. Grant support and exporting activity[J]. The review of economics and statistics, 2008, 90(1): 168-174.
[22] Greenway D, Kneller R. Exporting, productivity and agglomeration:A difference in difference analysis of matched firms[J]. GEP Research Paper No.45, 2003.
[23] Hausmann R, Hwang J, Rodrik D. What you export matters[J]. Journal of Economic Growth, 2007, 12(1): 1-25.
[24] Helpman E. Trade, FDI, and the organization of firms[R]. National Bureau of Economic Research Paper No.12091, 2006.
[25] Levinsohn J, Petrin A. Estimating production functions using inputs to control for unobservables[J]. The Review of Economic Studies, 2003, 70(2): 317-341.
[26] Martins P S, Yang Y. The impact of exporting on firm productivity:A meta-analysis of the learning-by-exporting hypothesis[J]. Review of World Economics, 2009, 145(3): 431-445.
[27] Melitz M J. The impact of trade on intra-industry reallocations and aggregate industry productivity[J]. Econometrica, 2003, 71(6): 1695-1725.
[28] Shevtsova Y. International trade and productivity:Does destination matter?[R]. Discussion Papers in Economics, No.12/18, 2012.
[29] Van Biesebroeck J. Exporting raises productivity in sub-Saharan African manufacturing firms[J]. Journal of International Economics, 2005, 67(2): 373-391.
[30] Wagner J.The causal effect of exports on firm size and labor productivity:First evidence from a matching approach[J]. Economics Letters, 2002, 77(2):287-292.
[31] Wooldridge J M. Econometric analysis of cross section and panel data[M].MA:MIT press, 2002.
[32] Zheng J, Bigsten A, Hu A. Can China's growth be sustained? A productivity perspective[J]. World Development, 2009, 37(4): 874-888.
引用本文
刘斌, 屠新泉, 王杰. 出口目的地与出口企业生产率[J]. 财经研究, 2015, 41(11): 83–94.
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