贯彻落实生态保护补偿制度,提高地区水资源利用效率,是平衡经济发展与水资源短缺之间矛盾的有效途径。为此,文章以水权试点政策为例,基于中国285个城市2005—2019年的面板数据,采用双重差分法研究生态保护补偿制度能否提高地区水资源利用效率。研究发现:(1)水权试点能够提高地区水资源利用效率,且该结论通过了一系列稳健性检验。(2)水权试点通过促进技术创新和水权转移两种途径提高地区水资源利用效率。(3)确权登记试点以及行业和用水户间水权交易试点有利于提高地区水资源利用效率,而跨区域水权交易试点无法有效提高地区水资源利用效率;金融发展水平和供水基础设施水平越高,水权试点的政策效果越明显;水权试点政策效果与水资源禀赋水平之间存在非线性关系,随着水资源禀赋水平的提升,水权试点的政策效果由不明显逐渐增强。(4)与水污染治理相似,水权试点的政策效果在省边界处也会大打折扣,即存在“边界效应”。文章为建立健全全国统一的水权交易市场、深化生态保护补偿制度改革提供了经验证据和政策启示。
生态保护补偿制度能否提高地区水资源利用效率?——基于水权试点的实证研究
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引用本文
于立宏, 程思佳. 生态保护补偿制度能否提高地区水资源利用效率?——基于水权试点的实证研究[J]. 财经研究, 2023, 49(2): 19-33.
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