3657 
2993关于我国学前教育供给生育效应的研究在文献中较为少见。学前教育供给增加，有助于增加儿童保育服务，缓解工作−养育冲突，从而降低养育代价，释放生育需求。文章借助2003年“以社会力量兴办幼儿园”的幼儿教育改革准自然试验，将
幼儿园供给扩张能提高生育吗？——来自社会力量兴办幼儿园准自然实验的证据
摘要
参考文献
摘要
1 21世纪教育研究院. 农村教育向何处去−对农村撤点并校政策的评价与反思[M]. 北京: 北京理工大学出版社, 2013.
2 陈友华,苗国. 社会变迁背景下的低生育率:新机制与新特点[J]. 人口与发展,2016,(5):14−23. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-1668.2016.05.002
3 杜凤莲. 家庭结构、儿童看护与女性劳动参与:来自中国非农村的证据[J]. 世界经济文汇,2008,(2):1−12. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0488-6364.2008.02.001
8 龚欣,李贞义. 学前教育经历对初中生非认知能力的影响:基于CEPS的实证研究[J]. 教育与经济,2018,(4):37−45. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-4870.2018.04.005
15 马赛厄斯·德普克, 法布里奇奥·齐利博蒂. 爱、金钱和孩子[M]. 吴娴, 鲁敏儿译. 上海: 格致出版社, 2019.
16 潘华. 入园难、入园贵: 还是教育经费低惹的祸[N]. 中国经济导报, 2014-04-22（B07）.
25 Adda J,Dustmann C,Stevens K. The career costs of children[J]. Journal of Political Economy,2017,125(2): 293−337. DOI:10.1086/690952
26 Baker M,Gruber J,Milligan K. Universal child care,maternal labor supply,and family well-being[J]. Journal of Political Economy,2008,116(4): 709−745. DOI:10.1086/591908
27 Bauernschuster S, Hener T, Rainer H. Does the expansion of public child care increase birth rates? Evidence from a low-fertility country[R]. Ifo Working Paper No.158, 2013.
28 Blau D M,Robins P K. Fertility,employment,and child-care costs[J]. Demography,1989,26(2): 287−299. DOI:10.2307/2061526
29 Brilli Y, Del Boca D, Pronzato C. Exploring the impacts of public childcare on mothers and children in Italy: Does rationing play a role? [R]. IZA Discussion Paper No.5918, 2011.
30 Buckles K,Hungerman D,Lugauer S. Is fertility a leading economic indicator?[J]. The Economic Journal,2021,131(634): 541−565. DOI:10.1093/ej/ueaa068
31 Cascio E U. Maternal labor supply and the introduction of kindergartens into American public schools[J]. Journal of Human Resources,2009,44(1): 140−170. DOI:10.1353/jhr.2009.0034
32 Del Boca D. The effect of child care and part time opportunities on participation and fertility decisions in Italy[J]. Journal of Population Economics,2002,15(3): 549−573. DOI:10.1007/s001480100089
33 Duflo E. Schooling and labor market consequences of school construction in Indonesia:Evidence from an unusual policy experiment[J]. American Economic Review,2001,91(4): 795−813. DOI:10.1257/aer.91.4.795
34 Furtado D, Hock H. Immigrant labor, child-care services, and the work-fertility trade-off in the United States[R]. IZA Discussion Paper No.3506, 2008.
35 Jones G W, Hamid W. Singapore’s pro-natalist policies: To what extent have they worked? [A]. Rindfuss R R, Choe M K. Low and lower fertility[M]. Cham: Springer, 2015.
36 Kravdal Ø. How the local supply of day-care centers influences fertility in Norway:A parity-specific approach[J]. Popu- lation Research and Policy Review,1996,15(3): 201−218. DOI:10.1007/BF00127049
37 Lefebvre P,Merrigan P,Verstraete M. Dynamic labour supply effects of childcare subsidies:Evidence from a Canadian natural experiment on low-fee universal child care[J]. Labour Economics,2009,16(5): 490−502. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2009.03.003
38 Mörk E,Sjögren A,Svaleryd H. Childcare costs and the demand for children:Evidence from a nationwide reform[J]. Journal of Population Economics,2013,26(1): 33−65. DOI:10.1007/s00148-011-0399-z
39 Rindfuss R R, Choe M K. Diverse paths to low and lower fertility: An overview[A]. Rindfuss R R, Choe M K. Low fertility, institutions, and their policies[M]. Cham: Springer, 2016.
40 Rindfuss R R,Guilkey D K,Morgan S P,et al. Child-care availibility and fertility in norway[J]. Population and Develop- ment Review,2010,36(4): 725−748. DOI:10.1111/j.1728-4457.2010.00355.x
41 Sobotka T, Matysiak A, Brzozowska Z. Policy responses to low fertility: How effective are they? [R]. UNFPA Working Paper No.1, 2019.
42 Wilkins E. Low fertility: A review of the determinants[R]. UNFPA Working Paper No.2, 2019.
引用本文
江涛. 幼儿园供给扩张能提高生育吗？——来自社会力量兴办幼儿园准自然实验的证据[J]. 财经研究, 2021, 47(8): 94-108.
导出参考文献，格式为：
