6958 
5395开发区的高速增长到底是源自寻求“政策租”所导致的短期“虚假繁荣”，还是通过集聚效应推动企业迅速成长而形成的长期表现？回答好这一问题，对于开发区政策的效果评价和进一步完善至关重要。然而，现有研究对此却语焉不详。文章在识别开发区企业的基础上，实证检验了开发区对企业进入、退出和成长的作用，以及开发区增长效应的可持续性，揭示了开发区影响地区经济增长的微观机制。研究发现：（1）开发区会吸引高效率企业进入，并降低开发区内企业的退出风险，从而使得开发区内净进入企业数目显著增加，这意味着开发区政策是吸引企业入驻并加强集聚经济的重要因素；（2）开发区显著提高了企业的就业增长、生产率增长和销售增长，这表明开发区政策和集聚经济的增长效应十分明显；（3）企业“入驻”开发区初期，“政策租”带来了短期的快速增长，而开发区内自我加强的集聚经济对企业成长具有长期的促进作用，这说明开发区的增长效应具有可持续性。文章肯定了开发区实践对企业动态成长的长期积极影响，这不仅为开发区政策绩效的评估提供了更为全面的认识，而且也为开发区的进一步发展和完善提供了重要启示。
开发区与企业动态成长机制——基于企业进入、退出和增长的研究
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参考文献
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引用本文
张国峰, 王永进, 李坤望. 开发区与企业动态成长机制——基于企业进入、退出和增长的研究[J]. 财经研究, 2016, 42(12): 49–60.
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