滞留成本、竞争性定价歧视和定价机制选择
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财经研究 2008 年 第 34 卷第 04 期, 页码：51 - 62
摘要
参考文献
摘要
在很多市场环境下,消费者重复消费同一种商品会产生效用折扣或者消费者喜欢尝试不同的商品特性,因此消费者追求消费多样化,重复消费同一种商品会产生滞留成本。文章采用两期动态博弈框架,研究滞留成本的存在对于企业竞争性歧视定价行为和市场绩效的影响,此后又进一步研究了企业的定价机制选择问题。文章的研究结果表明:(1)在歧视定价机制下,企业会奖励忠诚的消费者,即企业会对重复购买自己产品的消费者(忠诚消费者)给予价格优惠,而对新顾客索取高价;(2)与统一定价相比,歧视性定价降低了企业利润和社会福利,增加了消费者剩余;(3)当企业可以在歧视定价和统一定价两种机制之间进行选择时,每个企业选择歧视性定价机制是均衡结果。
[1]和Jeuland(1978)的解释不同,McAlister(1982)的解释不仅阐明了消费者会从消费的品牌上转移,而且还预测了会转向的品牌,提出了消费者转移的方向。
[5]在Hotelling空间差异化模型(Hotelling,1929)中,寡头企业的竞争性定价p=c+t。
[6]实际上在Fudenberg和Tirole(2000)的模型中,也有类似于Chen(1997)的这种结论。
[8]Seetharaman和Che(2006)的研究结果是:第一期的均衡价格为c+ty+3(μ2+δv){(1-μ-v)t+μs},第二期的均衡价格为c+μt+v,其中y=1+δ(1-μ-v)+3(μ2+v)(1-μ-v)+μLs2。
[1]Armstrong M.Recent developments in the economics of price discri mination[D].Mo-meo,University College London,2005.
[2]Chen Y.Paying customers to switch[J].Journal of Economics and Management Strate-gy,1997,6:877-897.
[3]Chen Y.Oligopoly price discri mination by purchase history[D].Swedish Competition Authority,Stockhol m,2005.
[4]Fudenberg D,Tirole J.Customer poaching and brand switching[J].RAND Journal of Economics,2000,31:634-657.
[5]Hotelling H.Stability in Competition[J].Economic Journal,1929,39:41-57.
[6]Jeuland A P.Brand preference over ti me:Apartially deterministic operationalization of the notion of variety seeking[D].Momeo,University of Chicago,1978.
[7]Klemperer P.The competitiveness of markets with switching costs[J].Journal of Eco-nomics,1987,18:138-150.
[8]McAlister L A.Dynamic attribute satiation model of variety-seeking behavior[J].Journal of Consumer Research,1982,6:213-224.
[9]Seetharaman P B,H Che.Price competition in markets with consumer variety seeking[EB/OL].Dec,18,2006.
[10]Varian H.Price discri mination and social welfare[J].American Economic Review,1982,75:870-875.
[11]Varian H.Price discri mination[A].Schmalensee and R.Willig.Handbook of Indus-trial Organization[C].Elsevier Seience,New York1987.
[12]Wilson R.Nonlinear pricing[M].New York:Oxford University Press,1993.
[13]Tirole J.产业组织理论[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,1997.
[5]在Hotelling空间差异化模型(Hotelling,1929)中,寡头企业的竞争性定价p=c+t。
[6]实际上在Fudenberg和Tirole(2000)的模型中,也有类似于Chen(1997)的这种结论。
[8]Seetharaman和Che(2006)的研究结果是:第一期的均衡价格为c+ty+3(μ2+δv){(1-μ-v)t+μs},第二期的均衡价格为c+μt+v,其中y=1+δ(1-μ-v)+3(μ2+v)(1-μ-v)+μLs2。
[1]Armstrong M.Recent developments in the economics of price discri mination[D].Mo-meo,University College London,2005.
[2]Chen Y.Paying customers to switch[J].Journal of Economics and Management Strate-gy,1997,6:877-897.
[3]Chen Y.Oligopoly price discri mination by purchase history[D].Swedish Competition Authority,Stockhol m,2005.
[4]Fudenberg D,Tirole J.Customer poaching and brand switching[J].RAND Journal of Economics,2000,31:634-657.
[5]Hotelling H.Stability in Competition[J].Economic Journal,1929,39:41-57.
[6]Jeuland A P.Brand preference over ti me:Apartially deterministic operationalization of the notion of variety seeking[D].Momeo,University of Chicago,1978.
[7]Klemperer P.The competitiveness of markets with switching costs[J].Journal of Eco-nomics,1987,18:138-150.
[8]McAlister L A.Dynamic attribute satiation model of variety-seeking behavior[J].Journal of Consumer Research,1982,6:213-224.
[9]Seetharaman P B,H Che.Price competition in markets with consumer variety seeking[EB/OL].Dec,18,2006.
[10]Varian H.Price discri mination and social welfare[J].American Economic Review,1982,75:870-875.
[11]Varian H.Price discri mination[A].Schmalensee and R.Willig.Handbook of Indus-trial Organization[C].Elsevier Seience,New York1987.
[12]Wilson R.Nonlinear pricing[M].New York:Oxford University Press,1993.
[13]Tirole J.产业组织理论[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,1997.
引用本文
杨渭文, 蒋传海. 滞留成本、竞争性定价歧视和定价机制选择[J]. 财经研究, 2008, 34(4): 51–62.
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