生产要素投入、电价规制改革与火电企业的效率——来自A股上市公司的随机前沿证据
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财经研究 2009 年 第 35 卷第 04 期, 页码：108 - 119
摘要
参考文献
摘要
文章通过A股火电上市企业的数据,采用生产函数的随机前沿方法和二阶段的Tobit回归分析研究了生产要素投入、电价规制改革对火电企业效率的影响。实证结果表明在2001-2007年间,火电上市企业正从装机机组容量不足的"硬短缺"转为电煤投入不足的"软短缺",电煤数量成为发电量增长的最重要生产要素。火电企业的能源使用效率越高,企业的技术效率就越高。2005年来以激励性规制为导向的上网电价改革显著地提高了火电上市企业的效率。但是,当前企业的电价水平与企业的技术效率并不显著相关。因此,进一步深化激励性规制导向的价格规制方法仍是今后上网电价改革的可行方向。
①见国家发改委发改价格[2005]514号文件:《上网电价管理暂行办法》。
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[1]林伯强.电力短缺、短期措施与长期战略[J].经济研究,2004,(3):28-36.
[2]林伯强.中国电力工业发展:改革进程与配套改革[J].管理世界,2005,(8):65-79.
[3]林伯强,魏巍贤,李丕东.中国长期煤炭需求:影响与政策选择[J].经济研究:2007,(2):48-58.
[4]陶峰,郭建万,杨舜贤.电力体制转型期发电行业的技术效率及其影响因素[J].中国工业经济,2008,(1):68-76.
[5]滕飞,吴宗鑫.中国电力企业的绩效分析[J].数量经济与技术经济研究,2003,(6):127-130.
[6]肖兴志.对中国电价规制效率的一种检验[J].统计研究,2005,(9):35-42.
[7]干春晖,吴一平.规制分权化、组织合谋与制度效率[J],中国工业经济,2006,(4):23-28.
[8]肖兴志,孙阳.中国电力产业规制效果的实证研究[J],中国工业经济,2006,(9):38-45.
[9]李眺,夏大慰.公用事业的多产品定价与政府规制:由上海观察[J].改革,2008,(4):81-87.
[10]Jean-Jacques Laffont,Jean Tirole.Competition in telecommunications[M].The MITPress,2000:43-101.
[12]Cowling Thomas G,Kerry VSmith.The esti mation of a productiontechnology:Asur-vey of econometric analyses of steamelectric generation[J].Land Economics,1978,54:156-186.
[13]Meyer Robert A.Economies and diseconomies:Esti mating electricity cost functions[J].The Reviewof Economics and Statistics,1975,62:391-399.
[14]Pescatrice Donn R,John M Trapani III.The performance and objectives of public andprivate utilities operating in the United States[J].Journal of Public Economics,1980,13:259-276.
[15]Dilorenzo Thomas J,Ralph Robinson.Managerial objectives subject to political marketconstraints;electric utilities in the U.S[J].Quarterly Review of Business and Econom-ics,1982,22:113-125.
[16]Kwoka John E Jr.Power structure:Ownership,integration,and competition in theU.S.electricity industry[M].Kluwer Academic Publishers,1996:38-63.
[17]Berry Dan M,Franklin GJr Mixon.Multiproduct outputs and scale economies in elec-tric power distribution:Some new esti mates[J].Review of Industrial Oraganization,1999,15:65-76.
[18]Maloney Michael T.Economies and diseconomies:Esti mating electricity cost functions[J].Reviewof Economics and Statistics,2001,62:391-399.
[19]Fare Rolf,Shawna Grosskopf,James Logan.The relative performance of publicly-owned and privately-owned electric utilities[J].Journal of Public Economics,1985,26:89-106.
[20]Cote Daniel O.Firmefficiency and ownership structure——The case of U.S.electric utilitiesusing panel data[J].Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics,1989,60:431-450.
[21]Coelli TJ.Total Factor productivity growthin Australian coal-fired electricity genera-tion:A mal mquist index approach[R].Paper Presented at the International Conferenceon Public Sector Efficiency.UNSW,Sydney,1997,27-28:231-260.
[22]Paul L Joskow,Richard Schmalensee.The performance of coal-burning electric genera-ting units in the United States:1960-1980[J].Journal of Applied Econometrics,1987,2:85-109.
[23]Berg Sanford V,Jinook Jeong.An evaluation of incentive regulationfor electric utilities[J].Journal of Regulatory Economics,1991,3:45-55.
[24]Christopher R Knittel.Alternative regulatory methods and firm efficiency:Stochasticfrontier evidence fromthe U.S.electricity industry[J].The Review of Economics andStatistics,2002,84:530-540.
[25]Pun-Leelam,Alice Shiu.Efficiency and productivity of China’s thermal power genera-tion[J].Reviewof Industrial Organization,2004,24:73-93.
[26]Shleifer A.Atheory of yardstick competition[J].Rand Journal of Economics,1985,16:319-327.
引用本文
李眺. 生产要素投入、电价规制改革与火电企业的效率——来自A股上市公司的随机前沿证据[J]. 财经研究, 2009, 35(4): 108–119.
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