4687 
8669成功和失败，是儿童成长中不可避免的经历，它们会如何影响儿童后续的行为和决策？这一问题在文献中并未得到充分研究。文章以我国中部农村某小学8～11岁儿童为被试，采用实验经济研究方法，首次探讨了竞争成功和失败的经历对儿童后续目标设定和竞争参与决策的影响。研究发现：在个人目标设定方面，胜方会设定一个低于自己能力的目标，而败方会设定一个与自己能力相近的目标并增加努力提高成绩，最终获得与胜方相近的成绩；在竞争参与决策方面，成功经历对个体竞争参与具有显著正向影响，胜方更愿意参与竞争，并获得更高成绩。此外，相比于男童，成功和失败的经历对女童的目标设定和竞争参与决策的影响更大。上述结果表明，成功的经历并不利于儿童寻求挑战和提升自己，但有利于提高儿童参与竞争的意愿。
胜败经历与儿童的目标设定和竞争参与——基于中部农村儿童的实验经济研究
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引用本文
赵俊, 董志强, 李伟成. 胜败经历与儿童的目标设定和竞争参与——基于中部农村儿童的实验经济研究[J]. 财经研究, 2019, 45(3): 4-20.
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