Vocational training not only solves the needs of migrant workers for their own employment, but also is an important way to stabilize employment growth and complete the task of precision poverty alleviation. Based on the survey data of 4138 migrant workers from 13 provinces in central and western China, this paper uses the propensity score matching（PSM）model to empirically test the effect of vocational training on the wage income of migrant workers. The empirical analysis shows that: （1）Participation in vocational training has a significant positive impact on the wage income of migrant workers, whose hourly wages have increased by 1.88 yuan due to vocational training, so “Teaching People to Fish” has an obvious positive effect.（2）The “salary premium” obtained by migrant workers through vocational training has a heterogeneous nature. Participation in introductory training increases the hourly wage of migrant workers by 4.07 yuan, participation in skill training and occasional participation in skill training increase the hourly wage of migrant workers by 1.61 yuan and 1.50 yuan, while the impact of other types of training on migrant workers’ wages is not significant. The wage effect of “How to Teach People to Fish” is obvious different. The policy implication is that, the vocational training of migrant workers can change the basis of their future employment and development by raising their wage levels. Therefore, when government departments formulate policies related to vocational training, they should not only pay attention to “Teaching People to Fish”, but also pay full attention to “How to Teach People to Fish”, so as to achieve a fundamental shift from “transfusion” to “hematopoietic”.