The deep integration of new-generation information technology and the supply chain promotes the transformation and upgrading of traditional supply chains to digital supply chains with deep embedding of digital technology. Supply chain digitization not only achieves the visualization and sustainability of the supply chain, but more importantly, it enables the horizontal extension within the same value chain and the vertical interaction between different value chains, which helps to accelerate the process of modern supply chain construction in China and promote the smooth circulation of the national economy.

Based on the pilot of supply chain innovation and application, this paper empirically examines the impact of supply chain digitization on supply chain resilience using the data of A-share listed companies from 2012 to 2021. The study finds that supply chain digitization can promote supply chain resilience, and information channels, product competitiveness channels, and internal control channels are important mechanisms. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the impact of supply chain digitization on supply chain resilience mainly exists in mature-stage enterprises, downstream of the industrial chain, and advantageous areas of the business environment. Further research reveals that supply chain digitization can also enhance supply chain resistance and recovery capability, but the impact on recovery capability has a lag effect. At the same time, the improvement of supply chain resilience is accompanied by a loss of supply chain management efficiency.

The contributions of this paper are as follows: First, it provides direct empirical evidence for the promotion of supply chain resilience through supply chain digitization, aiming to address the academic debate on the relationship between supply chain digitization and supply chain resilience. Second, it overcomes the shortcomings of existing literature in measuring supply chain resilience. Third, it reveals the potential indirect mechanism and heterogeneity of the impact of supply chain digitization on supply chain resilience. Fourth, it examines the negative impact of enhancing supply chain resilience on supply chain management efficiency, providing valuable warnings for enterprises to strengthen supply chain management in the digitalization process of the supply chain.