In today’s society, we have entered the era of emotional capital, and the importance of emotional capital in enterprise management is increasingly prominent. It deeply affects the management style, operation mode, and development direction of enterprises, and is an important driving force for their development. Exploring the characteristics and patterns of entrepreneurial emotional capital can help enterprises strengthen management and improve efficiency, and promote Chinese enterprises to enter the world economic stage. Based on the cultural background of China, this paper focuses on entrepreneurial emotional capital, mainly studying the core characteristics, generation mechanism, and evolution law of entrepreneurial emotional capital. It analyzes the role and value of entrepreneurial emotional capital in the development process of enterprises, and proposes a mode for improving entrepreneurial emotional capital, providing new ideas for the cultivation of comprehensive literacy of entrepreneurs. The results indicate that: First, emotional capital is a type of belief capital that can sublimate into the core values, outlook on life, and worldview of entrepreneurs, enhance the spiritual power of enterprise operation and value creation, and lead the development of entrepreneurs. Second, the essence of emotional capital is the combination, action, and flow of emotional energy, forming emotional energy waves of different intensity, manifested in different energy levels and vibration frequencies. Its scale, structure, and orderliness determine the quality of emotional capital, affecting the personality traits, behavioral patterns, and management styles of entrepreneurs. Third, as the driving force behind the struggles of entrepreneurs, emotional capital affects their overall abilities, constitutes the underlying genes of entrepreneurial management behavior, and dominates their business philosophy and management thinking. Fourth, emotional capital can be enhanced from both the physical and mental systems, cultivating entrepreneurs with strong foresight and control ability, talent identification ability, and quick reaction ability, enhancing their spiritual realm, improving their management ability, and thus forming a “body-spirit-ability-use” transmission effect. This paper helps to alleviate the current serious crisis of entrepreneurial emotional capital, cultivate entrepreneurial spirit with Chinese characteristics, and support Chinese entrepreneurs to become business leaders with a global perspective.