在全球价值链重构以及我国推进共同富裕战略的背景下,制度型开放成为重塑收入分配格局的关键路径。为此,文章以自由贸易试验区与跨境电商综合试验区“双试点”政策为研究对象,利用2011—2021年285个地级市面板数据,运用双重机器学习模型与强度DID方法,系统考察制度型开放对城乡居民收入差距的协同效应、影响机制以及异质性效应。研究发现:(1)“双试点”政策能够显著缩小区域间城乡居民收入差距,但对区域内城乡居民差距的缩减效应有限,甚至呈现扩大趋势,且这一结论具有稳健性。(2)“双试点”政策通过提升数字基础设施、拓宽就业渠道两个核心机制影响城乡居民收入差距。(3)“双试点”政策的区域间城乡收入差距缩减效应在东北部、中心城市、轻微失调地区以及“一带一路”节点城市受益更明显;就区域内收入差距而言,西部地区和内陆城市的缩减效应更为显著。(4)“双试点”政策协同效应显著优于单一试点,且先试点自由贸易区后叠加跨境电商综合试验区的时序策略更具优势。文章为制度型开放破解“效率—公平”悖论、推动共同富裕提供了经验证据。
制度型开放“双试点”政策缩小收入差距的协同效应研究
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引用本文
谢杰, 刘艳平. 制度型开放“双试点”政策缩小收入差距的协同效应研究[J]. 财经研究, 2026, 52(2): 4-18.
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