优化要素收入分配格局是实现共同富裕目标的重要途径。低碳转型是一场广泛而深刻的经济社会的系统性变革,其势必会引发经济结构、产业结构和技术结构的重组与变迁,从而对要素收入分配格局产生深远影响。文章首先构建了一个两部门一般均衡模型,理论演绎低碳转型对要素收入分配格局的影响及其内在机理;然后以《万家企业节能低碳行动实施方案》作为准自然实验,采用连续双重差分法对理论结果进行实证检验。研究发现,低碳转型能通过改变技术进步偏向而优化要素收入分配格局,一方面,低碳转型通过引发劳动偏向型技术进步提高了劳动收入份额,从而能缓解劳动和资本要素的收入分配失衡;另一方面,低碳转型通过引发低技能偏向型技术进步降低了技能溢价水平,从而能缓解劳动者内部收入分配失衡。进一步分析发现,低碳转型对技能溢价水平的影响存在企业特征异质性,其更大程度上降低了高技能密集型企业、低节能目标企业和国有企业的技能溢价水平。文章的研究为统筹实现“人与自然和谐共生”和“全体人民共同富裕”的中国式现代化发展目标提供了思路和借鉴。
低碳转型如何影响要素收入分配格局?——基于技术进步偏向视角的解释
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引用本文
李婷婷, 张文卿, 董景荣. 低碳转型如何影响要素收入分配格局?——基于技术进步偏向视角的解释[J]. 财经研究, 2025, 51(6): 19-33.
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