全球绿色气候基金融资责任分摊机制研究——一种兼顾责任与能力的视角
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财经研究 2015 年 第 41 卷第 03 期, 页码：65 - 76
摘要
参考文献
摘要
文章基于当前全球绿色气候基金(GCF)融资不足的现实背景,从国家间融资分摊的历史责任和支付能力视角出发,并借鉴联合国会费分摊(UN)、联合国官方发展援助计划(ODA)和全球环境基金(GEF)等现存的国际资金筹集经验,对五种潜在融资机制下GCF融资责任的分摊效果进行了系统研究,并在此基础上采用投票理论对不同方案进行加权,得到一种兼顾多种分摊思想的PSC融资责任分摊体系。研究发现:(1)不同分摊方案会有不同的出资结果,如美国在GEF方案下出资份额最小,而日本和欧盟则在历史责任方案下分摊份额最小;(2)在PSC分摊框架下,欧盟需要出资43.57%,美国需要出资35.33%,日本需要出资9.10%;(3)如果GCF融资成员扩至BRICS国家,金砖国家共需出资6.32%,发达国家仍是气候基金的主要融资方,其中欧盟、日本和美国出资份额之和不低于80%。研究有助于促使气候基金落实融资承诺,其相关方案也能为当前GCF融资体系建设提供有益借鉴。
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1根据联合国官方网站数据自行核算得到。
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[5]刘昌义,潘家华,陈迎,等.温室气体历史排放责任的技术分析[J].中国人口·资源与环,2014,(4):11-18.
[6]潘寻,张雯,朱留财.中国在气候变化谈判资金机制演变进程中的挑战及应对[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2013,(10):67-71.
[7]王遥,刘倩.气候融资:全球形势及中国问题研究[J].国际金融研究,2012,(9):34-42.
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[12]Cui L B,Zhu L,Springmann M,et al.Design and analysis of the green climate fund[J].Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering,2014,23(3):266-299.
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[15]Mattoo A,Subramanian A.Equity in climate change:An analytical review[J].World Development,2012,40(6):1083-1097.
[16]Müller B,Mahadeva L.The Oxford approach—Operationalizing the UNFCCC principle of‘respective capabilities’[R].European Capacity Building Initiative Working Paper,2014.
[17]Nakhooda S,Fransen T,Kuramochi T,et al.Mobilising international climate finance:Lessons from the fast-start finance period[R].Overseas Development Institute Working Paper,2013.
[18]ODI.10things to know about climate finance in 2013[R].The Overseas Development Institute Working Paper,2013
[19]Silverstein D N.A globally harmonized carbon price framework for financing the green climate fund[R].Royal Institute of Technology Working Paper,2013.
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1Annex II国家定义参见:http://unfccc.int/essential_background/convention/background/items/1348.php。
1根据联合国官方网站数据自行核算得到。
引用本文
崔连标, 宋马林, 朱磊, 等. 全球绿色气候基金融资责任分摊机制研究——一种兼顾责任与能力的视角[J]. 财经研究, 2015, 41(3): 65–76.
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