超大特大城市数字化转型管理——基于复杂整体性的诠释
Digital Transformation Management in Megacities: An Interpretation Based on Complex Holism
DOI: 10.16538/j.cnki.fem.20260508.101
[1]郑大庆,林柯秀,黄丽华,张诚,窦一凡,卢向华.超大特大城市数字化转型管理——基于复杂整体性的诠释[J/OL].外国经济与管理,2026,48(09):3-24[2026-11-11].https://doi.org/10.16538/j.cnki.fem.20260508.101.
摘要
城市是技术引发社会变革的试验场,超大特大城市尤其如是。本文以上海公共数据共享开放及城市数字化转型为观察窗口,借鉴复杂整体性理论,遵循“管理要素复杂性—系统复杂性—管理复杂性”的学理链,从管理要素复杂性(价值理念、组织形态、运行机制、技术体系)和系统复杂性(信息完备性、连接性、适应性)两个层面构建了超大特大城市数字化转型管理的“4×3”分析框架,以诠释超大特大城市数字化转型管理的演化规律,深化对城市数字化转型管理以及数字技术所带来的管理挑战的理解。本文有两点创新:第一,调适复杂整体性管理理论,并将其拓展到复杂社会系统领域;第二,探讨数字技术极化复杂系统的机制:数字技术增强了复杂系统的连接性,丰富了复杂系统中具有自适应能力的组成要素类型,加速了城市数字化转型。本文还探讨了超大特大城市数字化转型中“涌现”的生成机制及其实践启示,这对我国超大特大城市数字化转型管理实践具有借鉴意义。
Cities are testing grounds where technology triggers social change, especially megacities. The digital transformation of megacities reflects both the polarizing effects of digital technologies and the characteristics of complex social systems, making it a topic of theoretical and practical significance. Based on long-term observations of Shanghai’s public data sharing and opening, as well as urban digital transformation, this paper draws on the theory of complex holism and follows the theoretical chain of “management-element complexity–system complexity–management complexity”. It constructs an analytical framework for digital transformation management in megacities from two perspectives: management-element complexity (value philosophy, organizational form, operating mechanism, and technological system) and system complexity (information completeness, connectivity, and adaptability). This framework helps explain the evolutionary patterns of digital transformation management in megacities and deepens the understanding of urban digital transformation management and the management challenges brought about by digital technologies. This paper makes the following contributions: It adjusts the theory of complex holism and extends it to the field of complex social systems; it explores the mechanisms through which digital technologies amplify complex systems—by enhancing system connectivity, diversifying adaptive components, and accelerating urban digital transformation. This paper also explores the mechanisms underlying “emergence” in the digital transformation of megacities and discusses their practical implications. The findings provide useful insights for digital transformation management in China’s megacities.
关键词: 城市数字化转型,复杂整体性,复杂系统,数字化社会,超大特大城市,涌现