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5490与大多数研究集聚外部性影响企业创新的静态视角不同，文章基于世界银行对中国企业营商环境的调查数据和《中国工业企业数据库》，考察了产业集聚环境对企业创新偏好的分层影响以及企业进入动态的叠加影响。研究发现，专业化集聚环境显著增强了企业的低端创新偏好，而相关多样化集聚环境则显著增强了企业的高端创新偏好。不仅如此，产业集聚环境对企业创新偏好的分层影响会因企业进入动态的存在而显著增强。这一过程中，不同类型的产业集聚环境沿“升级”或“降级”方向的演化，在现实经济中不仅可以为“政策租”淡化后的开发区转型问题提供分析思路，而且还从产业集聚环境升级受阻和功能锁定的角度对企业的“创新惰性”提供了新的解释。进一步的分析表明，产品市场管制能够减弱专业化对企业低端创新偏好的正向影响，而诸如金融服务和法律服务等生产性服务业功能供给则能够增强相关多样化对企业高端创新偏好的正向影响。因此，在以创新为目的的企业进入环节，应根据集聚类型增强差异化的制度供给。
集聚环境“升级”抑或“降级”：对企业“创新惰性”的新解释
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参考文献
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引用本文
胡彬, 万道侠. 集聚环境“升级”抑或“降级”：对企业“创新惰性”的新解释[J]. 财经研究, 2019, 45(5): 16-29.
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